CPET 581 Smart Grid & Energy Management

2013/10/8 & 10/10

Tuesday 4:30-5:45PM & Thursday 4:30-5:45PM

Lecture 9/10

 

 

Topics of Discussion

 

·         Smart Grid Technology Roadmap

·         Smart Grid Technology Areas: Generation, Transmission, Distribution, Industrial, Service, Residential

·         Smart Grid Deployment

o   Demonstration & Deployment Efforts

·         Smart Grid Interoperability Standards

 

 

WSJ, 10/5/2013

Investors Bet Big on Hydroelectric Plants, 2013/10/5, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303643304579107590118304648.html

o   Burton Creek, Sam Perry’s restored hydroelectric plant near Mount Rainier National Park,  with 550 ft fall (Sollos Energy LLC of Mancos, Colo)

o   5,000 gallons of water per minute, falls 550 ft into a turbine at the base of the falls

o   Generate electricity $12,000 per month

o   Generating capacity: 480 kWh, at 3 to 4 cents per kWh, which would produce electricity worth around $400 per day, $12,000 monthly during peak periods (from November to late June)

o   Mr. Perry would expect to break even on his his investment within 5 years

o   1978 Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA)

o   Licenses issued by Hydropower dams, by size, 9/30/2013, Federal Energy Resources Commission

·         Video, http://stream.wsj.com/story/world-stream/SS-2-44156/SS-2-346688/?mod=wsj_streaming_world-stream

Ohio Smelter Faces Shutdown Without Utility Rate Relief, 10/5/2013, WSJ, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303492504579113341291138108.html

 

 

Smart Grid Technology Area [1, pages 17-21] {NTEL, 2010 and NIST 2010}; V – completely covered, V- slightly overlapped

 

Generation

Transmission

Distribution

Industrial

Service

Residential

Wide Area Monitoring & Control

v

v

v-

 

 

 

Information & Communication Technology Integration

v

v

v

v

v

v

Renewable & Distributed Generation Integration

v

v

v

v

v

v

Transmission Enhancement Applications

v-

v

v-

 

 

 

Distribution & Management

 

v-

v

v-

 

 

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

 

 

v

v

v

v

EV Charging Infrastructure

 

 

v

v

v

v

Customer-side Systems

 

 

 

v

v

v

 

Smart Grid Technologies [1, page 21]

Technology Areas

Hardware

Systems and Software

Wide Area Monitoring & Control

Phase measurement units (PMU) & other sensor equipment

SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), WAMS (Wide Area Monitoring Systems), WAAPCA (Wide-Area Adaptive Protection, Control & Automation), WASA (Wide-Area Situation Awareness)

Information & Communication Technology Integration

Communication equipment (Power line carrier, WIMAX, LTE, RF mesh network, cellular), routers, relays, switches, gateway, computers (servers)

Enterprise Resource Planning  (ERP) software, Customer Information System (CIS)

Renewable & Distributed Generation Integration

Power conditioning equipment

for bulk power and grid support,

communication and control hardware

for generation and enabling storage

technology

Energy management system (EMS),

distribution management system (DMS),

SCADA, geographic Information

system (GIS)

Transmission Enhancement Applications

Superconductors, FACTS, HVDC

Network stability analysis, automatic recovery systems

Distribution & Management

Automated re-closers, switches

and capacitors, remote controlled

distributed generation and storage,

transformer sensors, wire and cable

sensors

Geographic information system (GIS),

distribution management system (DMS),

outage management system (OMS),

workforce management system (WMS)

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

Smart meter, in-home displays, servers, relays

Meter data management system (MDMS)

EV Charging Infrastructure

Charging infrastructure, batteries, inverters

Energy billing, smart-grid to-vehicle charging (G2V) and discharging vehicle-to-grid (V2G) methodologies

Customer-side Systems

Smart appliances, routers, in-home

display, building automation systems,

thermal accumulators,

smart thermostat

Energy dashboards, energy management

systems, energy applications for smart

phones and tablets

 

Maturity Levels & Development Trends of Smart Grid Technologies [1, page 22]

 

Technology Areas

Maturity Level

Development Trend

Wide Area Monitoring & Control

Developing

Fast

Information & Communication Technology Integration

Mature

Fast

Renewable & Distributed Generation Integration

Developing

Fast

Transmission Enhancement Applications

Mature

Moderate

Distribution & Management

Developing

Moderate

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

Mature

Fast

EV Charging Infrastructure

Developing

Fast

Customer-side Systems

Developing

Fast

 

 

California ISO/EPRI Smart Grid Roadmap & Architecture [3]

·         Key Smart Grid Drivers:

o   Energy supply from renewables

o   CO2 emission level rolled back to 1990 level by 2020

o   One million roof-top solar panels

o   Large investment in energy conservation & delivery

o   New Once-Through Cooling regulation affecting coastal plants 2012-2024

o   Large investments in smart grid (smart meters, storage, etc)

·         Smart Grid Objectives (research, pilot, implement, integrate smart grid technologies)

o   Increase grid visibility, efficiency, and reliability

o   Enable diverse generation including utility-scale renewable resources, demand response, storage and smaller-scale solar PV technologies to fully participate in the wholesale market

o   Provide enhanced physical and cyber security

·         The Expected Benefits

o   Ability to recognize grid problems sooner and resolve them

o   Efficiently use the transmission system to defer or displace costly transmission investments

o   Enable customers to react to grid conditions making them active participants in their energy use

o   Leverage conventional generation and emerging technologies when possible including distributed energy resources, demand response and energy storage, to address the challenges introduced by variable renewable resources

 

References

[ 1 ] Smart Grid Road Map, 2011, IEA Free Publication, http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/smartgrids_roadmap.pdf

[ 2 ] Free Publications, International Energy Agency, http://www.iea.org/publications/

[ 3 ] Smart Grid Roadmap and Architecture, California ISO/EPRI, December 2010, http://www.smartgrid.epri.com/doc/cal%20iso%20roadmap_public.pdf

[ 4 ] NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards Release 2.0, 227 pages, http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/upload/NIST_Framework_Release_2-0_corr.pdf

[ 5 ] NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Standards Update, July 25, 2011, http://www.smartgrid.gov/sites/default/files/doc/files/National_Institute_Standards_Technology_NIST_Smart_Grid_Inte_201103.pdf

[ 6 ] NIST Smart Grid Advisory Committee (SGAC) Report, 2011, 70 pages, http://www.smartgrid.gov/sites/default/files/doc/files/NIST_Smart_Grid_Advisory_Committee_SGAC_Report.pdf

 

Smart Grid Demos

[ 1 ] EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute) Smart Grid Demo Projects (Youtube), http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLphKrnecF69X0MxPf4aHDu1UJHNn8wGuq

a.       EDF Smart Grid Demo, 2012

b.      PNM/EPRI Smart Grid Demo

c.       KCP&L/EPRI Smart Grid Demo

d.      Smart Grid Application – Southern Company’s Approach

[ 2 ] Smart Grid Demos – Integration of Distributed Energy Resources, EPRI Smart Grid Resource Center, http://smartgrid.epri.com/Demo.aspx

a.       Smart Grid Demonstration Five-Year Update, 28 pages, 08/10/2013

b.      Smart Grid Demonstration Four-Year Update, 07/26/2012

c.       Smart Grid Demonstration Three-Year Update, 07/21/2011

d.      Smart Grid Demonstration Two-Year Update, 08/20/2010

[ 3 ] Pacific Northwest Smart Grid Demo Project, http://www.pnwsmartgrid.org/

a.       Transactive Control

b.      Integrating Renewable Energy

c.       Improving Reliability

d.      Keeping the Cost Down

e.      Empowering Consumers

[ 4 ] The Pecan Street Project, Texas, http://www.pecanstreet.org/projects/smart-grid-demonstration/

[ 5 ] Lower Valley Energy, http://www.lvenergy.com/smart-grid-demo-project-moves-forward/

[ 6 ] Residential Smart Grid Solutions – Lutron, http://www.lutron.com/en-US/Residential-Commercial-Solutions/Pages/Residential-Solutions/ResidentialSmartGridSolutions.aspx